"狭窄" meaning in All languages combined

See 狭窄 on Wiktionary

Adjective [Japanese]

IPA: [kʲo̞ːsa̠kɯ̟ᵝ]
Head templates: {{ja-adj|きょうさく|hhira=けふさく|infl=na}} 狭(きょう)窄(さく) • (kyōsaku) ^(←けふさく (kefusaku)?)-na (adnominal 狭(きょう)窄(さく)な (kyōsaku na), adverbial 狭(きょう)窄(さく)に (kyōsaku ni)) Inflection templates: {{ja-adj-infl|adverbial=. に|attributive=. な|conditional=. なら(ば)|conjunctive=. で|continuative=. で|degree=さ|formal=. です|formal_negative=. で は ありません|formal_negative2=. じゃ ありません|formal_negative_past=. で は ありません でした|formal_negative_past2=. じゃ ありません でした|formal_past=. でした|hypothetical=. なら|imperative=. で あれ|imperfective=. だろ|informal_negative=. で は ない|informal_negative2=. じゃ ない|informal_negative_past=. で は なかった|informal_negative_past2=. じゃ なかった|informal_past=. だった|kana=きょうさく|lemma=狭窄|provisional=. だったら|terminal=. だ|volitional=. だろう}} Forms: 狭窄 [canonical] (ruby: (きょう), (さく)), kyōsaku [romanization], kefusaku [romanization], 狭窄な [adnominal] (ruby: (きょう), (さく)), 狭窄に [adverbial] (ruby: (きょう), (さく)), no-table-tags [table-tags], 狭窄だろ [imperfective, stem], きょうさくだろ [imperfective, stem], kyōsaku daro [imperfective], 狭窄で [continuative, stem], きょうさくで [continuative, stem], kyōsaku de [continuative], 狭窄だ [stem, terminative], きょうさくだ [stem, terminative], kyōsaku da [terminative], 狭窄な [attributive, stem], きょうさくな [attributive, stem], kyōsaku na [attributive], 狭窄なら [hypothetical, stem], きょうさくなら [hypothetical, stem], kyōsaku nara [hypothetical], 狭窄であれ [imperative, stem], きょうさくであれ [imperative, stem], kyōsaku de are [imperative], 狭窄ではない [informal, negative], 狭窄じゃない [informal, negative], きょうさくではない [informal, negative], きょうさくじゃない [informal, negative], kyōsaku de wa nai [informal, negative], kyōsaku ja nai [informal, negative], 狭窄だった [informal, past], きょうさくだった [informal, past], kyōsaku datta [informal, past], 狭窄ではなかった [informal, negative, past], 狭窄じゃなかった [informal, negative, past], きょうさくではなかった [informal, negative, past], きょうさくじゃなかった [informal, negative, past], kyōsaku de wa nakatta [informal, negative, past], kyōsaku ja nakatta [informal, negative, past], 狭窄です [formal], きょうさくです [formal], kyōsaku desu [formal], 狭窄ではありません [formal, negative], 狭窄じゃありません [formal, negative], きょうさくではありません [formal, negative], きょうさくじゃありません [formal, negative], kyōsaku de wa arimasen [formal, negative], kyōsaku ja arimasen [formal, negative], 狭窄でした [formal, past], きょうさくでした [formal, past], kyōsaku deshita [formal, past], 狭窄ではありませんでした [formal, negative, past], 狭窄じゃありませんでした [formal, negative, past], きょうさくではありませんでした [formal, negative, past], きょうさくじゃありませんでした [formal, negative, past], kyōsaku de wa arimasen deshita [formal, negative, past], kyōsaku ja arimasen deshita [formal, negative, past], 狭窄で [conjunctive], きょうさくで [conjunctive], kyōsaku de [conjunctive], 狭窄なら(ば) [conditional], きょうさくなら(ば) [conditional], kyōsaku nara (ba) [conditional], 狭窄だったら [conditional, past], きょうさくだったら [conditional, past], kyōsaku dattara [conditional, past], 狭窄だろう [volitional], きょうさくだろう [volitional], kyōsaku darō [volitional], 狭窄に [adverbial], きょうさくに [adverbial], kyōsaku ni [adverbial], 狭窄さ [noun-from-adj], きょうさくさ [noun-from-adj], kyōsakusa [noun-from-adj]
  1. to become stenosed, to be affected with stenosis
    Sense id: en-狭窄-ja-adj-OZf~HWa~ Categories (other): Japanese entries with incorrect language header, Japanese links with redundant alt parameters, Japanese links with redundant wikilinks, Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations, Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys Disambiguation of Japanese entries with incorrect language header: 93 7 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant alt parameters: 92 8 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant wikilinks: 92 8 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations: 89 11 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys: 92 8

Noun [Japanese]

IPA: [kʲo̞ːsa̠kɯ̟ᵝ] Forms: 狭窄 [canonical] (ruby: (きょう), (さく)), kyōsaku [romanization], kefusaku [romanization], けふさく [hiragana, historical]
Head templates: {{ja-noun|きょうさく|hhira=けふさく}} 狭(きょう)窄(さく) • (kyōsaku) ^(←けふさく (kefusaku)?)
  1. stricture, constriction, narrowness Synonyms: 狭小 (kyōshō) (ruby: (きょう), (しょう)), 狭隘 (kyōai) (ruby: (きょう), (あい)), 狭さ (semasa) (ruby: (せま)) Derived forms: 狭窄症 (kyōsakushō) (ruby: (きょう), (さく), (しょう)) (english: stenosis), 視野狭窄 (shiyakyōsaku) (ruby: (), (), (きょう), (さく)) (english: narrowness of the vision)
    Sense id: en-狭窄-ja-noun-KH2KnxUw

Download JSON data for 狭窄 meaning in All languages combined (10.8kB)

{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "kōdai",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "広",
          "こう"
        ],
        [
          "大",
          "だい"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "広大"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kōsō",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "広",
          "こう"
        ],
        [
          "壮",
          "そう"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "広壮"
    },
    {
      "roman": "hakudai",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "博",
          "はく"
        ],
        [
          "大",
          "だい"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "博大"
    }
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "狭窄",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "狭",
          "きょう"
        ],
        [
          "窄",
          "さく"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kyōsaku",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kefusaku",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "けふさく",
      "roman": "kefusaku",
      "tags": [
        "hiragana",
        "historical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "きょうさく",
        "hhira": "けふさく"
      },
      "expansion": "狭(きょう)窄(さく) • (kyōsaku) ^(←けふさく (kefusaku)?)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "derived": [
        {
          "english": "stenosis",
          "roman": "kyōsakushō",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "狭",
              "きょう"
            ],
            [
              "窄",
              "さく"
            ],
            [
              "症",
              "しょう"
            ]
          ],
          "word": "狭窄症"
        },
        {
          "english": "narrowness of the vision",
          "roman": "shiyakyōsaku",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "視",
              "し"
            ],
            [
              "野",
              "や"
            ],
            [
              "狭",
              "きょう"
            ],
            [
              "窄",
              "さく"
            ]
          ],
          "word": "視野狭窄"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "stricture, constriction, narrowness"
      ],
      "id": "en-狭窄-ja-noun-KH2KnxUw",
      "links": [
        [
          "stricture",
          "stricture"
        ],
        [
          "constriction",
          "constriction"
        ],
        [
          "narrowness",
          "narrowness"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "roman": "kyōshō",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "狭",
              "きょう"
            ],
            [
              "小",
              "しょう"
            ]
          ],
          "word": "狭小"
        },
        {
          "roman": "kyōai",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "狭",
              "きょう"
            ],
            [
              "隘",
              "あい"
            ]
          ],
          "word": "狭隘"
        },
        {
          "roman": "semasa",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "狭",
              "せま"
            ]
          ],
          "word": "狭さ"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "きょーさく"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kʲo̞ːsa̠kɯ̟ᵝ]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "狭窄"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "狭窄",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "狭",
          "きょう"
        ],
        [
          "窄",
          "さく"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kyōsaku",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kefusaku",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "狭窄な",
      "roman": "kyōsaku na",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "狭",
          "きょう"
        ],
        [
          "窄",
          "さく"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "adnominal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "狭窄に",
      "roman": "kyōsaku ni",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "狭",
          "きょう"
        ],
        [
          "窄",
          "さく"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "adverbial"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-na",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "狭窄だろ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "きょうさくだろ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kyōsaku daro",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "狭窄で",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "きょうさくで",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kyōsaku de",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "狭窄だ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "stem",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "きょうさくだ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "stem",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kyōsaku da",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "狭窄な",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "attributive",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "きょうさくな",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "attributive",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kyōsaku na",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "attributive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "狭窄なら",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "hypothetical",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "きょうさくなら",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "hypothetical",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kyōsaku nara",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "狭窄であれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "きょうさくであれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kyōsaku de are",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "狭窄ではない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "狭窄じゃない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "きょうさくではない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "きょうさくじゃない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kyōsaku de wa nai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kyōsaku ja nai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "狭窄だった",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "きょうさくだった",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kyōsaku datta",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "狭窄ではなかった",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "狭窄じゃなかった",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "きょうさくではなかった",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "きょうさくじゃなかった",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kyōsaku de wa nakatta",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kyōsaku ja nakatta",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "狭窄です",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "きょうさくです",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kyōsaku desu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "狭窄ではありません",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "狭窄じゃありません",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "きょうさくではありません",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "きょうさくじゃありません",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kyōsaku de wa arimasen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kyōsaku ja arimasen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "狭窄でした",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "きょうさくでした",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kyōsaku deshita",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "狭窄ではありませんでした",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "狭窄じゃありませんでした",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "きょうさくではありませんでした",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "きょうさくじゃありませんでした",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kyōsaku de wa arimasen deshita",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kyōsaku ja arimasen deshita",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "狭窄で",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "きょうさくで",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kyōsaku de",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "狭窄なら(ば)",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "きょうさくなら(ば)",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kyōsaku nara (ba)",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "狭窄だったら",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "きょうさくだったら",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kyōsaku dattara",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "狭窄だろう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "きょうさくだろう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kyōsaku darō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "狭窄に",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "きょうさくに",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kyōsaku ni",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "狭窄さ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-adj"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "きょうさくさ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-adj"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kyōsakusa",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-adj"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "きょうさく",
        "hhira": "けふさく",
        "infl": "na"
      },
      "expansion": "狭(きょう)窄(さく) • (kyōsaku) ^(←けふさく (kefusaku)?)-na (adnominal 狭(きょう)窄(さく)な (kyōsaku na), adverbial 狭(きょう)窄(さく)に (kyōsaku ni))",
      "name": "ja-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "adverbial": ". に",
        "attributive": ". な",
        "conditional": ". なら(ば)",
        "conjunctive": ". で",
        "continuative": ". で",
        "degree": "さ",
        "formal": ". です",
        "formal_negative": ". で は ありません",
        "formal_negative2": ". じゃ ありません",
        "formal_negative_past": ". で は ありません でした",
        "formal_negative_past2": ". じゃ ありません でした",
        "formal_past": ". でした",
        "hypothetical": ". なら",
        "imperative": ". で あれ",
        "imperfective": ". だろ",
        "informal_negative": ". で は ない",
        "informal_negative2": ". じゃ ない",
        "informal_negative_past": ". で は なかった",
        "informal_negative_past2": ". じゃ なかった",
        "informal_past": ". だった",
        "kana": "きょうさく",
        "lemma": "狭窄",
        "provisional": ". だったら",
        "terminal": ". だ",
        "volitional": ". だろう"
      },
      "name": "ja-adj-infl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "93 7",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "92 8",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant alt parameters",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "92 8",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "89 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "92 8",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to become stenosed, to be affected with stenosis"
      ],
      "id": "en-狭窄-ja-adj-OZf~HWa~",
      "links": [
        [
          "stenosed",
          "stenosed"
        ],
        [
          "stenosis",
          "stenosis"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "きょーさく"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kʲo̞ːsa̠kɯ̟ᵝ]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "狭窄"
}
{
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "soft-redirect",
  "redirects": [
    "狹窄"
  ],
  "word": "狭窄"
}

{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "kōdai",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "広",
          "こう"
        ],
        [
          "大",
          "だい"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "広大"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kōsō",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "広",
          "こう"
        ],
        [
          "壮",
          "そう"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "広壮"
    },
    {
      "roman": "hakudai",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "博",
          "はく"
        ],
        [
          "大",
          "だい"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "博大"
    }
  ],
  "categories": [
    "Japanese adjectives",
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese nouns",
    "Japanese terms spelled with jinmeiyō kanji",
    "Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
    "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
    "Japanese terms written with two Han script characters",
    "Japanese な-na adjectives"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "english": "stenosis",
      "roman": "kyōsakushō",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "狭",
          "きょう"
        ],
        [
          "窄",
          "さく"
        ],
        [
          "症",
          "しょう"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "狭窄症"
    },
    {
      "english": "narrowness of the vision",
      "roman": "shiyakyōsaku",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "視",
          "し"
        ],
        [
          "野",
          "や"
        ],
        [
          "狭",
          "きょう"
        ],
        [
          "窄",
          "さく"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "視野狭窄"
    }
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "狭窄",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "狭",
          "きょう"
        ],
        [
          "窄",
          "さく"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kyōsaku",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kefusaku",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "けふさく",
      "roman": "kefusaku",
      "tags": [
        "hiragana",
        "historical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "きょうさく",
        "hhira": "けふさく"
      },
      "expansion": "狭(きょう)窄(さく) • (kyōsaku) ^(←けふさく (kefusaku)?)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "stricture, constriction, narrowness"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "stricture",
          "stricture"
        ],
        [
          "constriction",
          "constriction"
        ],
        [
          "narrowness",
          "narrowness"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "きょーさく"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kʲo̞ːsa̠kɯ̟ᵝ]"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "kyōshō",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "狭",
          "きょう"
        ],
        [
          "小",
          "しょう"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "狭小"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kyōai",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "狭",
          "きょう"
        ],
        [
          "隘",
          "あい"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "狭隘"
    },
    {
      "roman": "semasa",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "狭",
          "せま"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "狭さ"
    }
  ],
  "word": "狭窄"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese adjectives",
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese nouns",
    "Japanese terms spelled with jinmeiyō kanji",
    "Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
    "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
    "Japanese terms written with two Han script characters",
    "Japanese な-na adjectives"
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "狭窄",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "狭",
          "きょう"
        ],
        [
          "窄",
          "さく"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kyōsaku",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kefusaku",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "狭窄な",
      "roman": "kyōsaku na",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "狭",
          "きょう"
        ],
        [
          "窄",
          "さく"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "adnominal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "狭窄に",
      "roman": "kyōsaku ni",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "狭",
          "きょう"
        ],
        [
          "窄",
          "さく"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "adverbial"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-na",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "狭窄だろ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "きょうさくだろ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kyōsaku daro",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "狭窄で",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "きょうさくで",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kyōsaku de",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "狭窄だ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "stem",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "きょうさくだ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "stem",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kyōsaku da",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "狭窄な",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "attributive",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "きょうさくな",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "attributive",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kyōsaku na",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "attributive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "狭窄なら",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "hypothetical",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "きょうさくなら",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "hypothetical",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kyōsaku nara",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "狭窄であれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "きょうさくであれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kyōsaku de are",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "狭窄ではない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "狭窄じゃない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "きょうさくではない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "きょうさくじゃない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kyōsaku de wa nai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kyōsaku ja nai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "狭窄だった",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "きょうさくだった",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kyōsaku datta",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "狭窄ではなかった",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "狭窄じゃなかった",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "きょうさくではなかった",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "きょうさくじゃなかった",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kyōsaku de wa nakatta",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kyōsaku ja nakatta",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "狭窄です",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "きょうさくです",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kyōsaku desu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "狭窄ではありません",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "狭窄じゃありません",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "きょうさくではありません",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "きょうさくじゃありません",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kyōsaku de wa arimasen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kyōsaku ja arimasen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "狭窄でした",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "きょうさくでした",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kyōsaku deshita",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "狭窄ではありませんでした",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "狭窄じゃありませんでした",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "きょうさくではありませんでした",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "きょうさくじゃありませんでした",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kyōsaku de wa arimasen deshita",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kyōsaku ja arimasen deshita",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "negative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "狭窄で",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "きょうさくで",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kyōsaku de",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "狭窄なら(ば)",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "きょうさくなら(ば)",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kyōsaku nara (ba)",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "狭窄だったら",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "きょうさくだったら",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kyōsaku dattara",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "狭窄だろう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "きょうさくだろう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kyōsaku darō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "狭窄に",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "きょうさくに",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kyōsaku ni",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "狭窄さ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-adj"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "きょうさくさ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-adj"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kyōsakusa",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-adj"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "きょうさく",
        "hhira": "けふさく",
        "infl": "na"
      },
      "expansion": "狭(きょう)窄(さく) • (kyōsaku) ^(←けふさく (kefusaku)?)-na (adnominal 狭(きょう)窄(さく)な (kyōsaku na), adverbial 狭(きょう)窄(さく)に (kyōsaku ni))",
      "name": "ja-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "adverbial": ". に",
        "attributive": ". な",
        "conditional": ". なら(ば)",
        "conjunctive": ". で",
        "continuative": ". で",
        "degree": "さ",
        "formal": ". です",
        "formal_negative": ". で は ありません",
        "formal_negative2": ". じゃ ありません",
        "formal_negative_past": ". で は ありません でした",
        "formal_negative_past2": ". じゃ ありません でした",
        "formal_past": ". でした",
        "hypothetical": ". なら",
        "imperative": ". で あれ",
        "imperfective": ". だろ",
        "informal_negative": ". で は ない",
        "informal_negative2": ". じゃ ない",
        "informal_negative_past": ". で は なかった",
        "informal_negative_past2": ". じゃ なかった",
        "informal_past": ". だった",
        "kana": "きょうさく",
        "lemma": "狭窄",
        "provisional": ". だったら",
        "terminal": ". だ",
        "volitional": ". だろう"
      },
      "name": "ja-adj-infl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to become stenosed, to be affected with stenosis"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "stenosed",
          "stenosed"
        ],
        [
          "stenosis",
          "stenosis"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "きょーさく"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kʲo̞ːsa̠kɯ̟ᵝ]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "狭窄"
}
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  "msg": "HTML tag <span> not properly closed",
  "path": [
    "狭窄"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "狭窄",
  "trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 2"
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "狭窄"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "狭窄",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/304",
  "msg": "HTML tag <span> not properly closed",
  "path": [
    "狭窄"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "adjective",
  "title": "狭窄",
  "trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 2"
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "狭窄"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "adjective",
  "title": "狭窄",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.